MySQL Reference GUIDE

Posted by Deepa |

4.5.1.2. mysql Commands

MySQL sends each SQL statement that you issue to the server to be executed. There is also a set of commands that mysql itself interprets. For a list of these commands, type help or \h at the mysql> prompt:

mysql> help

List of all MySQL commands:

Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'

?         (\?) Synonym for `help'.

clear     (\c) Clear command.

connect   (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.

delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.

edit      (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.

ego       (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.

exit      (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.

go        (\g) Send command to mysql server.

help      (\h) Display this help.

nopager   (\n) Disable pager, print to stdout.

notee     (\t) Don't write into outfile.

pager     (\P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.

print     (\p) Print current command.

prompt    (\R) Change your mysql prompt.

quit      (\q) Quit mysql.

rehash    (\#) Rebuild completion hash.

source    (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.

status    (\s) Get status information from the server.

system    (\!) Execute a system shell command.

tee       (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given

               outfile.

use       (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.

charset   (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing

               binlog with multi-byte charsets.

warnings  (\W) Show warnings after every statement.

nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.

Option	Description
`\c`	A counter that increments for each statement you issue
`\D`	The full current date
`\d`	The default database
`\h`	The server host
`\l`	The current delimiter (new in 5.0.25)
`\m`	Minutes of the current time
`\n`	A newline character
`\O`	The current month in three-letter format (Jan, Feb, …)
`\o`	The current month in numeric format
`\P`	am/pm
`\p`	The current TCP/IP port or socket file
`\R`	The current time, in 24-hour military time (0–23)
`\r`	The current time, standard 12-hour time (1–12)
`\S`	Semicolon
`\s`	Seconds of the current time
`\t`	A tab character
`\U`	Your full `user_name@host_name` account name
`\u`	Your user name
`\v`	The server version
`\w`	The current day of the week in three-letter format (Mon, Tue, …)
`\Y`	The current year, four digits
`\y`	The current year, two digits
`\_`	A space
`\`	A space (a space follows the backslash)
`\'`	Single quote
`\"`	Double quote
`\\`	A literal “`\`” backslash character
`\x`	`x`, for any “`x`” not listed above

You can set the prompt in several ways:

· Use an environment variable. You can set the MYSQL_PS1 environment variable to a prompt string. For example:

· shell>

export
MYSQL_PS1="(\u@\h) [\d]> "

· Use a command-line option. You can set the --prompt option on the command line to mysql. For example:

· shell>

mysql
--prompt="(\u@\h) [\d]> "

· (user@host) [database]>

· Use an option file. You can set the prompt option in the [mysql] group of any MySQL option file, such as /etc/my.cnf or the .my.cnf file in your home directory. For example:

· [mysql]prompt=(\\u@\\h) [\\d]>\\_

In this example, note that the backslashes are doubled. If you set the prompt using the prompt option in an option file, it is advisable to double the backslashes when using the special prompt options. There is some overlap in the set of permissible prompt options and the set of special escape sequences that are recognized in option files. (The rules for escape sequences in option files are listed in Section 4.2.3.3, “Using Option Files”.) The overlap may cause you problems if you use single backslashes. For example, \s is interpreted as a space rather than as the current seconds value. The following example shows how to define a prompt within an option file to include the current time in HH:MM:SS> format:

[mysql]prompt="\\r:\\m:\\s> "

· Set the prompt interactively. You can change your prompt interactively by using the prompt (or \R) command. For example:

· mysql>